Paipa UHMWPE
Paipa UHMWPE:
Ko te paipa polyethylene taumaha ngota ngota tino teitei (UHIMW-PE) he momo paipa kirihou hou e ātete ana ki te kakahu, te ātete ki te pānga, te ātete ki te waikura, te kore e mimiti me te whakahinuhinu-ā-ia anō, nō reira e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mara maha:
1. Te kawe hinu i tawhiti: nā te waikura o te oneone waikawa kaha, te wai moana me te wai tote taiao e karapoti ana i te mara hinu, me te urunga mai o te hinu kei roto he whanariki i roto, ko te roa o te ora o ngā paipa maitai he torutoru noa iho ngā marama, ā, he matotoru te nuinga o te hinu mata, he ngāwari ki te kawe i te wā e kawe ana. Ina whakatakotoria, inā koa i te takurua, me whai pūnaha whakamahana me te paparanga whakamahana wera te paipa, ā, ka taea e ia te whakapai ake i te pai o te tuku me te roa o te ora o te paipa.
2. Te whakakī i te paipa whakakī wai: ko te totohu o te mata me ngā kapiti i puta mai i te keri whenua me whakakī i te wai paru, te keri whenua, te whakakaha i te wai pēhanga teitei, te whakakī i te wāhi paparanga wehewehe, te whakaiti me te whakahaere i te tere totohu o te mata. Mā te whakamahi i te paipa hiato ka taea te whakapai ake i te pai o te kawe me te painga ōhanga o te kaupapa.
3. Ahumahi matū: te kawe i ngā mea tino waikura pērā i te waikawa kaha me te kawakore, te kawe i te wai tote, te paru tote me te tote mata i roto i te ahumahi matū tote.
4. Ngā kaupapa keri: ngā kaupapa keri pērā i ngā awa, ngā awaawa, ngā roto, ngā tauranga, ngā tauranga me ētahi atu kaupapa keri hei kawe i te paru.
5. Te hangarau moana: te kawe wai moana i roto i te tango tote wai moana.
6. Hangarau ā-tāone: te maimoatanga parakaingaki, te tuku wai ā-whare me te tuku hau me te hau māori.
7. Ngā wāhanga miihini maha: ka taea te tukatuka i ngā paipa polyethylene taumaha-ira tino teitei (UHMW-PE) hei rakau whāriki, hei peera reti, hei rakau whāriki, hei roera, hei hiri, me ētahi atu mea kāore e ngāwari ki te mau, hei whakakapi i ngā wāhanga whakarewa taketake, hei whakaiti i ngā utu, hei whakapai ake i te roa o te ora.
8. Te kawe witi: he akuaku, he kore paitini, he tere te kawe, he kore ārai, he ātete ki te kakahu, ā, he iti te utu. Ka taea te hanga i ngā whakaritenga paipa polyethylene taumaha-rahi (UHMW-PE) me te pēhanga mahi kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te kaiwhakamahi.
Ko te paipa e hipoki ana i te puna hinu UHMWPE he rauemi koranu i hangaia mai i te polymer ngota teitei, he tino ātete ki te kakahu, he ātete ki te pānga, he ātete pai ki te pakaru i te ahotea taiao, he pai te whakahinuhinu-ake, he ārai-piri, he tino pumau matū me ētahi atu āhuatanga pai. Ka taea e te ngongo ārai-whakakore kua hipokina ki te polyethylene taumaha ngota tino teitei te whakaiti i te kakahu o te tokotoko ngote me te pakitara o roto o te ngongo, te whakapai ake i te ātete kakahu o te ngongo me te tokotoko me te mahi ārai-waikura i roto i te ngongo, te whakaiti nui i ngā rahunga o raro, me te whakaroa i te huringa tirotiro papu me te ngongo, te roa o te ratonga tokotoko ngote.
Te kaupapa mahi:
(1) Ko te arai puna hinu UHMWPE e hangai ana ki te kaupapa o te whakatikatika i te tokotoko ngote kia kore ai e pakaru te tokotoko ngote mai i te paipa hinu. Ko te nuinga o tēnei hangarau ko: te pokapū nairona tokotoko ngote, te hononga roera tokotoko ngote me ērā atu.
(2) Mā te paipa e hipoki ana i te puna hinu polyethylene taumaha-rahi e whakarite kia mau te paipa hinu me te tokotoko ngote kia rite ki te kaupapa hurihuri. Ko te nuinga o tēnei hangarau ko: te hangarau ngongo hurihuri me te hangarau tokotoko ngote. Ka tāutahia te pane poka hurihuri i te wā e mahi ana, ā, ina kei roto te puna hinu i te mahi noa, ka whakaritehia te huringa o te mata pa o te tokotoko me te paipa mā te hurihuri i te aho o te paipa hinu, kia roa ai te ora o te tokotoko paipa.
(3) Mā te paipa e whakakī ana i te puna hinu polyethylene taumaha-rahi e whakarite kia totoro te paipa hinu me te tokotoko ngote i runga i te mātāpono totoro, ā, ka whakaitihia te kakahu rerekē o te tokotoko paipa e puta mai ana i te ngoki me te kore pumau. Ko ngā mea matua ko: te hangarau punga paipa hinu, te hangarau taumaha o raro o te paipa hinu me te hangarau papu hinu urupare waipēhi.
(4) Hangarau ārai-kakahu mō te whakapuru puna hinu polyethylene taumaha-rahi. Ko te takirua ārai-kakahu o te tokotoko ngote he mea hanga mai i te tokotoko oro ā-kakahu ā-kakahu, te ringaringa pokapū ā-kakahu ā-kakahu me te hononga ā-piko. Ko te mata o te tokotoko ā-kakahu ā-whakakore he mea huri, he mea whakakikorua ki te chrome, ā, ko te ringaringa pokapū ā-kakahu ā-whakakore he ringaringa maitai maeneene kua whakakikoruatia ki te nairona 66 kua whakapakaritia. Nā te tukanga whakaiti tō i waenga i te tokotoko oro me te ringaringa pokapū, he tino iti te tauwehenga waku, nō reira ka mau te ringaringa pokapū ki roto i te paipa hinu, ā, ka paheke te tokotoko oro ā-kakahu ā-kakahu ki runga, ki raro i roto i te ringaringa pokapū ā-kakahu ā-kakahu kia kore ai te aho tokotoko ngote e pā ki te paipa hinu, kia puta ai te waku me te kakahu o te tokotoko ngote me te paipa hinu hei waku me te kakahu o te takirua ā-kakahu ā-kakahu o te tokotoko ngote tonu. Ko te iti o te ātete kakahu i waenga i te tokotoko oro me te ringaringa pokapū ka hua ake he iti ake te kakahu, ā, ka tutuki ai te kaupapa o te aukati i te kakahu rerekē o te ngongo tokotoko.
Ngā Āhuatanga o te Hua:
1. He tino ātete te arai o te poka hinu ki te kakahu:
Ko te taumaha ngota o te paipa polyethylene taumaha ngota tino teitei e 2 miriona neke atu rānei, ā, he iti te taupū kakahu, e āhei ai te ātete ki te pahekeheke. Ko te ātete kakahu e 6.6 ngā wā teitei ake i te maitai koranu noa, ā, e 27.3 ngā wā teitei ake i te maitai kore waikura. He 17.9 ngā wā teitei ake i te kapia phenolic, e 6 ngā wā teitei ake i te nairon 6, ā, e 4 ngā wā teitei ake i te polyethylene, e whakapai ake ana i te roa o te ora o te paipa.
2. He tino ātete te arai o te poka hinu UHMWPE ki te pānga:
I roto i ngā kirihou hangarau o nāianei, he tino teitei te uara pakari o ngā paipa taumaha ngota tino teitei, ā, he maha ngā rauemi ka pakaru, ka whati, ka pakaru, ka ngenge rānei i te ahotea o te mata i te pānga o ngā pahūtanga kino, ngā pahūtanga maha rānei. E ai ki te paerewa GB1843, kua whakamatautauria tēnei hua ki te pānga kurupae cantilever kia kore ai e pakaru, ā, ka taea te tu atu ki te pānga kaha o waho, te taumaha o roto, me ngā piki me te heke o te pēhanga.
3. He ātete te arai puna hinu UHMWPE ki te waikura:
He hanganga rōpū ngota ngota kua kī te UHMW-PE, nō reira he teitei tōna pumau matū. Kāore e waikura. Ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te waikawa hauwai hauwai kukū me te kukū iti iho i te 80%, ā, he tino pumau i roto i te waikawa whanariki me te kukū iti iho i te 75% me te waikawa hauota me te kukū iti iho i te 20%.
4. He pai te whakahinuhinu-ā-roto o te raina puna hinu UHMWPE:
Nā te mea he matū ware pi kei roto i te paipa UHMWPE, ā, he tino pai te whakahinuhinu-ā-ia anō. Ko te tauwehenga waku (196N, 2 hāora) he 0.219MN/m anake (GB3960). He pai ake te mahi reti-ā-ia anō i te maitai, i te parahi rānei kua whakahinuhinuhia ki te hinu. Ina koa i ngā wāhi he taiao kino, he puehu me te paru, ka kitea te mahi whakahinuhinu maroke o tēnei hua. Ehara i te mea ka taea e ia te neke noa, engari ka tiakina hoki ngā wāhanga mahi e pā ana mai i te kakahu, te taumahatanga rānei.
5. He ātete pāmahana iti ahurei tō te raina puna hinu UHMWPE:
He tino pai te ātete o te paipa polyethylene taumaha-ngota tino teitei ki te pāmahana iti, ā, kāore anō kia rerekē tōna ātete pānga me te ātete kakahu i te -269 nekehanga Celsius. Koinei anake te kirihou hangarau ka taea te mahi i ngā pāmahana e tata ana ki te kore tino. I taua wā anō, he whānui te urutau o te paipa polyethylene taumaha-ngota tino teitei ki te pāmahana, ā, ka taea te mahi i te pāmahana mai i te -269°C ki te 80°C mō te wā roa.
6. Ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakawhāiti i te arai puna hinu UHMWPE:
Nā te iti o te tauwehenga waku me te kore-polarity, he pai te mata o ngā paipa UHMWPE, ā, he pai te mutunga paipa. Ko ngā rauemi o nāianei ka tauine i roto i te reo me te uara pH o te 9, neke atu rānei, engari ko te paipa polyethylene taumaha ngota tino teitei kāore e tauine. He tino pai hoki mō ngā paipa pēnei i te hinu mata me te paru.
7. He roa te ora mahi o te raina puna hinu UHMWPE:
He iti noa ngā ira kore-māku i roto i te mekameka ngota o te paipa UHMWPE, he nui ake te ātete ki te ngenge i te 500,000 ngā wā, he ātete pai ki te pakaru o te ahotea taiao, he ātete ki te pakaru o te ahotea taiao >4000h, neke atu i te 2 ngā wā i te PE100, ā, mō te whakamahinga huna mō te 50 tau, ka taea tonu te pupuri i te neke atu i te 70% o ngā āhuatanga miihini.
8. He māmā te tāuta i te arai puna hinu UHMWPE:
Ko te roa o te paipa paipa polyethylene taumaha-rahi-ngota (UHMW-PE) he kotahi-waru noa iho o te taumaha o te paipa maitai, e whakangāwari ake ai te uta, te tango, te kawe me te tāuta, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i te kaha o te mahi a ngā kaimahi. He ārai-pakeke te paipa UHMW-PE. He kaha te mau, kāore e ngāwari te tawhito i muri i te 50 tau. Ka taea te tāuta ki runga ake i te whenua, ki raro rānei i te whenua. Ahakoa he mea whakarewa, he mea whakapiripiri rānei i te wā tāutanga, he haumaru, he pono, he tere, he watea hoki, kāore he ārai-waikura, he penapena mahi, he penapena mahi, e whakaata katoa ana i ngā painga "penapena pūngao, tiaki taiao, ōhanga me te whai hua" o te whakamahi i ngā paipa UHMWPE.
9. Ētahi atu āhuatanga o te raina puna hinu UHMWPE:
He tino pai ngā āhuatanga o ngā paipa UHMWPE pērā i te mimiti pūngao, te mimiti haruru, te ārai-patū, te kaha tiaki i ngā irahiko, te kore-mimiti, te taumaha māmā, te ngāwari ki te miihini, me te tae.
Te whānuitanga o te tono:
1. Ngā puna whakaputa hinu: He pai mō ngā puna hinu kua pakaru hapa, kua memeha, kua waikura nui, kua tere te pakaru o ngā tokotoko ngote me te kōpiko o ngā paipa hinu.
2. Puna weronga wai: he pai mō ngā puna weronga wai kua tino waikura, kua memeha hoki.
3. Paipa tuku: Ka taea te whakamahi i te paipa hinu tawhito kua waikura kino, kua pakaru wāhanga, kāore hoki e tika mō te keri i raro i te poka hei paipa hinu i muri i te whakapuru.
4. Ngā puna hau waikura: he pai mō ngā puna hau kua waikurahia e ngā hau H2S me te CO2.
5. Ngā puna hinu o tai: Mā te roa o te ora ka taea te whakaiti i te utu o te whakaputa hinu o tai.
